Grid Integration and Operation of Renewable Energy in 2025

The installed capacity of renewable energy has reached a new high, with its share steadily increasing. Renewable energy accounts for over 60% of the total installed capacity, with newly added wind and solar power capacity exceeding 430 million kilowatts. The cumulative installed capacity of renewable energy now accounts for nearly half of the total, historically surpassing that of thermal power for the first time. In 2025, the newly installed renewable energy capacity nationwide reached 452 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 21%, accounting for 83% of the country's newly added power capacity. Among these, hydropower added 12.15 million kilowatts, wind power added 120 million kilowatts, solar power added 318 million kilowatts, and biomass power added 1.51 million kilowatts. By the end of 2025, the total installed renewable energy capacity nationwide reached 2.34 billion kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 24%, accounting for approximately 60% of the country's total power capacity. Specifically, hydropower capacity stood at 450 million kilowatts, wind power at 640 million kilowatts, solar power at 1.2 billion kilowatts, and biomass power at 47 million kilowatts. The combined installed capacity of wind and solar power reached 1.84 billion kilowatts, accounting for 47% of the total.

Renewable energy generation continues to grow, accelerating the transition to green and low-carbon development. Nearly 4 out of every 10 kilowatt-hours of electricity consumed nationwide come from green power, and the entire incremental electricity demand was met by newly added renewable energy generation. In 2025, renewable energy generation nationwide reached 3.99 trillion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of 15%, accounting for approximately 38% of the total electricity generation. This exceeds the combined electricity consumption of the tertiary sector (1,994.2 billion kilowatt-hours) and residential electricity consumption (1,588 billion kilowatt-hours). The newly added renewable energy generation in 2025 reached 519.3 billion kilowatt-hours, fully covering the incremental electricity demand (516.1 billion kilowatt-hours).

(I) Hydropower Construction and Operation. In 2025, the newly installed hydropower capacity nationwide reached 12.15 million kilowatts, including 4.67 million kilowatts of conventional hydropower and 7.48 million kilowatts of pumped storage hydropower. By December 2025, the cumulative installed hydropower capacity nationwide reached 450 million kilowatts, including 380 million kilowatts of conventional hydropower and 65.94 million kilowatts of pumped storage hydropower.

In 2025, hydropower generation nationwide reached 1.46 trillion kilowatt-hours, with the average utilization hours for large-scale hydropower projects standing at 3,367 hours.

(II) Wind Power Construction and Operation. In 2025, the newly installed wind power capacity nationwide reached 120 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 51%, including 110 million kilowatts of onshore wind power and 6.59 million kilowatts of offshore wind power. In terms of regional distribution, the "Three North" regions accounted for 79% of the newly installed capacity.

By December 2025, the cumulative grid-connected wind power capacity nationwide reached 640 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 23%, including 590 million kilowatts of onshore wind power and 47 million kilowatts of offshore wind power.

In 2025, wind power generation nationwide reached 1.13 trillion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of 13%, with a national average utilization rate of 94%.

(III) Solar Power Construction and Operation. In 2025, the newly installed solar power capacity nationwide reached 317 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 14%, including 164 million kilowatts of centralized solar power and 153 million kilowatts of distributed solar power.

By December 2025, the cumulative installed solar power capacity nationwide reached 1.2 billion kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 35%, including 670 million kilowatts of centralized solar power and 530 million kilowatts of distributed solar power.

In 2025, solar power generation nationwide reached 1.17 trillion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of 40%, with a national average utilization rate of 95%.

(IV) Biomass Power Construction and Operation. In 2025, the newly installed biomass power capacity nationwide reached 1.51 million kilowatts. By December 2025, the cumulative installed biomass power capacity nationwide reached 47.43 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 3%. Biomass power generation reached 224.7 billion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of 7%.

(V) Solar Thermal Power Construction and Operation. In 2025, the newly installed solar thermal power capacity nationwide reached 940,000 kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 203%. By December 2025, the cumulative installed solar thermal power capacity nationwide reached 1.82 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 107%. Solar thermal power generation reached 1.6 billion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of 32%.